Of the more than eighty civilian eyewitness accounts of the battle of Gettysburg, none is more renowned than the account by Tillie Pierce Alleman [AT GETTYSBURG: Or What a Girl Heard and Saw of the Battle, published privately in 1888, reprinted 1994.] Thirteen years old at the time of the battle, young Tillie was the daughter of William and Margaret Pierce, who resided at and operated a butcher shop in a dwelling at the corner of Baltimore and Breckinridge Streets [currently 301-303 Baltimore St]. When the fighting began Tillie was sent, for safety's sake, to the Jacob Weikert farm on the Taneytown Road south of town, in the company of Mrs. Henrietta Weikert Schriver and two Schriver children. She remained there in the vicinity of the Round Tops through the 7th of July, when she returned to her home on Baltimore St. She later married Horace Alleman, an 1869 graduate of Pennsylvania (Gettysburg) College, and with him moved to Selingrove, PA where Alleman practiced law until his death in 1908. The couple had three children, and at her death in 1914, Tillie was buried in the Trinity Lutheran Cemetery at Selingrove.

Although written twenty-five years after the battle, Tillie's account has always enjoyed high marks from historians. In assessing her testimony, Gettysburg specialist William A. Frassanito writes that "much of what she describes can be corroborated by independent sources, and the credibility of her own experiences in particular is especially sound."

While relating the events at the Weikert Farm on the morning of July 3rd, 1863, Tillie describes the passage of an overhead artillery shell as follows: [pages 68-70, reprint edition] "While in conversation with the soldier beside the body of General Weed, as above related, I was told that the carriages were waiting out at the barn, to take us off to safety……Already there was occasional musketry and cannonading in the direction of Gettysburg, and we expected greater damage than at any time before. Some of the soldiers told us that…..if we remained we would be in the midst of flying bullets and shell. Under these circumstances we made all possible haste to depart. When we reached the carriages, and were about to get in, a shell came screaming over. I was so frightened that I gave a shriek and sprang into the barn. Even with their suffering, the poor fellows could not help laughing at my terror and sudden appearance. One of them near me said, "My child if that had hit you, you would not have had time to jump." Pretty sound logic. Just after I jumped into the barn, I noticed that the shell had struck in the adjoining field without exploding…."

This unexploded US 3.67" 20 lb. Schenkl shell with the remains of a Schenkl Combination Fuse had been fired by Captain Elijah D. Taft's 5th New York Independent Battery, the only Federal battery at Gettysburg that had 20-pounder rifles. His six guns were stationed along a ridge in Evergreen Cemetery near the Taneytown Road and were active in the fighting of July 3nd. A few days after the battle, the Weikert family retrieved the unexploded shell to keep as a souvenir. Over the years, realizing that the shell was still live and potentially active, the Weikert family buried the shell in a ditch across the road approximately 50 yards from their residence. Here it would remain for decades. Sometime after World War II the farm had by then passed in ownership to David Plank, who had married one of Jacob Weikert's daughters. The story of the shell and its location were passed down through the family, which is how John was told of its existence. When the Plank family quit farming and the contents were sold at public auction, John - well aware of Tillie Pierce Alleman's mention of the shell, and of the family lore concerning its burial and location - made a point of purchasing it at the auction and included it in his collection and later his museum. This history would explain why the shell has pitting all over the entire body. It has since been deactivated. The shell being one John's of the most prized pieces in his collection, our family first heard about its existence in the mid-1970's. We have verified this story with another local Gettysburg historian and collection who was a frequent visitor to John's museum and who was also told the lore of this shell.

This specimen of Civil War artillery is a Confederate 3", bourreleted Read percussion shell. Once part of the Hummelbaugh Collection, this projectile, made for the CS 3" Ordnance Rifle, was found on Seminary Ridge in Gettysburg sometime after the battle. The artillery round perches on an original wooden base from the old Danner Museum of Gettysburg. Wood base has the words "Seminary Ridge" handpainted in period white ink on one facet of the block. The Read shell still retains is copper time fuse adapter but is missing its original, copper tapered ring sabot. A common problem with a number of the early Read shells was chipping. Bottom of this shell exhibits a base that suffers from three large 'chips' or chunks of iron that have flaked off. Chipping to the body occurred due to the expansion of the sabot top as it pushed upward from the base when the round was fired. Exterior of this cylindrical shell exhibits a smooth surface with a dusty brown patina together with a light film of dirt. Lathe dog is still intact as well as the lathe dimple on the base bottom. Length: 9"; diameter: 2.85", weight 8 pounds. This CS Read shell is identified in John Geiselman's collection by his museum listing.

This artillery specimen is a Confederate 3", "Sideloader" bourreleted Read case shot projectile. Made for the CS 3" Ordnance Rifle, this specimen was found near the Katalysine Springs Hotel in Gettysburg sometime after the battle. Once part of the Bob Walters Collection, this cylindrical artillery round retains its copper tapered ring sabot but is missing its original paper time fuse adapter and its lead sideloader plug. The necessity of using iron case shot caused the Confederates to experiment with "sideloader" cylindrical projectiles in 1863. Most of the 'sideloader' bourreleted Reads fade out of use after that time. Exterior of this cylindrical shell exhibits a pockmarked rust surface with a light brown patina overall. Lathe dog has been chipped off but the intact copper sabot still exhibits the seven bands from the rifling. Lathe dimple visible in the base. Length: 7"; diameter: 2.94", weight 8 pounds. This Read case shot, part of the Bob Walters collection, is identified in John Geiselman's collection by his museum listing.

Here is a nice, attractive C.S. 3.58-inch solid spherical shot. Shot rounds such as this were usually fired to ricochet from one target to another causing extensive damage. Lightly to moderately pitted with some residual dirt and an attractive patina, it was recovered in relic condition in the field behind Devils' Den. What appears to be an old oil stain covers about 1/3 of the surfaces. It weighs 6 pounds, is unfused, and was meant to be fired from a 6-pounder smooth bore 3.67-Inch gun. The mold seem, which identifies it as Confederate, is partially visible. This piece was identified in John Geiselman's by a contemporary tag and would make an excellent display item for an artillery, Civil War, or Gettysburg collection.

This Confederate 12-pounder smoothbore spherical shell specimen from the Gettysburg battlefield is in wonderful condition. Once part of the Lee's Headquarters Museum in Gettysburg and the Ed Weikert Collection, this circular iron shell is intact save for its missing Borman fuse in the plug cavity. Cavity does retain the original, brass underplug with the two spanner holes and center powder hole tightly screwed into the opening. A very common explosive shell used in the Civil War, this artifact displays a hard, lightly pockmarked surface and wears a dark chocolate brown patina. The projectile weighs 8lbs and was never cleaned. This 12-pounder shell is from Lee's Headquarters Museum Collection in Gettysburg and is identified on John Geiselman's museum listing.

Here is a fine 4.52", Confederate, 12-pound spherical shell from the Gettysburg battlefield that was used as a farm weight. Found on the David Plank Farm on Little Round Top sometime after the battle, this artillery specimen has had its original time fuse removed and replaced with lead filler and a metal support rod to serve as a weight of sorts. This type of projectile was fired from a 12-pound smoothbore field piece. Surface is smooth and hard with a pleasing, plum-brown patina overall. This 12-pound spherical shell, recovered from the David Plank farm on Little Round Top in Gettysburg, is identified by John Geiselman's collection by his contemporary inscribed labels.

Prior to the American Civil War this was the standard smoothbore projectile used along with the 12-pounder. Its purpose was to destroy fortifications, gun emplacements, charging infantry and cavalry. When fired on a hard surface it would ricochet from one target to another. This untouched, Confederate 6-pound spherical shot was recovered at Devil's Den after the battle. On July 2nd Latham's and Garden are engaged with Capt. Smith's 4th New York Battery and George B. Winslow's Battery D 1st N.Y. just above Devil's Den. Never cleaned, the projectile has light areas of pitting with a light coating of surface rust/grime. Identified in John Geiselman's museum collection by his contemporary inscribed labels.

Embossed raised letters on the bottom of this projectile's lead sabot read, "HOTCHKISS/ 3 IN / JAN'Y 7 / 1862". This original, unfired artillery projectile is the standard, 3" rifle canister used during the war. A minty example, the cylindrical canister round measures 8" long by 2.92" in diameter and weighs 8 pounds. Made for the 3" Ordnance Rifles or Parrott Rifles, the rifle projectile has a narrow groove at the base where the sabot joins the canister. The top area is crimped over with iron or tin plate in the conventional manner with the sides overlapped and soldered tight. Tin wrap around the canister exhibits normal dings and scratches and wears a dark gray patina with just some surface rust. Seams are strong and tight. Tapered sabot has a dark brown patina and two lines or grooves around its circumference. The soft lead sabot pressed into the gun's rifling easily, but the spinning action of the round caused the cloud of balls to disperse wildly, reducing the shot's effectiveness. Never cleaned. This intact Federal 3" Hotchkiss rifle canister is a wonderful acquisition and is identified in John Geiselman's museum collection.

Recovered from the Culp's Hill area soon after the Battle of Gettysburg, this artifact is a large, Federal, twenty-pound, 3.67" Parrott artillery projectile that was converted to a farm weight. The large, iron Parrott shell is of the common short pattern and is intact with its wrought iron tapered ring sabot. Missing from this artillery shell is the fuse and in its place is an iron plug. The majority of these large Parrott shells saw duty with the Army of the Potomac in the Eastern Theater. Designed by Robert P. Parrott in August 1861, the shell was used with the 20-pounder Parrott rifle of 3.67" caliber. Shell measures 9.75" long, has a diameter of 3.63" and weighs almost 20 pounds. This example is in fine condition and wears a rich, dark brown patina overall. Shell was professionally deactivated and cleaned and exhibits just light surface rust pitting with little surface dirt. Here is a wonderful artillery specimen of the dreaded 20-pounder Parrott shell. Projectile is identified in John Geiselman's collection by his contemporary inscribed labels.

Here is a nose section of a U.S. 3-inch Type I Hotchkiss shell without a fuse and with the top portion removed. Most likely, this was made into a pencil holder. During the war, the Federal Ordnance Department procured almost three hundred thousand shells such as these. With provenance to the David Plank Collection of Civil War items, this shell was found in relic condition in Gettysburg in Reynold's Woods. Moderately pitted, it measures approximately 3 inches in diameter, is 5 inches long (approximately two inches are missing from the top); the lead sabot band and base cup are missing. It has never been cleaned and has a nice brown patina. This piece was identified in John Geiselman's collection by a contemporary tag.

Here is an outstanding, original U.S. 4.52-inch solid spherical shot. Shot rounds such as this were usually fired to ricochet from one target to another causing extensive damage. This shell has provenance to the Chritzman collection of Gettysburg Civil War items; it was found in relic condition on Benner's Hill. It is very lightly pitted with no gouges or heavy marks. This shell has never been cleaned and has an attractive gray and light golden patina. It weighs 12 pounds, is unfused, and was meant to be fired from a 12-pounder smooth bore gun. This piece was identified in John Geiselman's collection from the museum listing and would make an excellent display item for an artillery, Civil War, or Gettysburg collection.

Here is a Federal 4.52" 12lb smoothbore spherical shell in good original condition. Found in the Pitzer's Woods area on the Gettysburg battlefield sometime after the battle, this specimen is missing its Borman fuse and underplug. Fuse cavity still exhibits traces of threading. A very common explosive shell used in the Civil War, artifact exhibits a dark chocolate brown patina. Never cleaned, projectile has moderate rusting to the surface. The 12 pounder shell is from the Pitzer Collection in Gettysburg and is identified in John Geiselman's collection by his contemporary inscribed labels.

Here is a fired specimen of the most common exploding projectile in the civil war found at the famous "Peach Orchard." This projectile still retains the Bormann fuse punched at the two and half second mark that did not explode. Some of the timing marks are still visible. Slight bulge in the fuse due to being fired. This projectile having never been cleaned exhibits light areas of surface rust with minor areas of pitting. Identified in John Geiselman collection by his contemporary inscribed labels.

Here is a fine and complete 4.52", Federal, 12-pound spherical shell complete with its Borman type fuse adapter. Found under the Court House Square in Gettysburg sometime after the battle, this artillery specimen was once part of the McClain Collection. The circular, iron round still retains its original, intact, time fuse adapter known as a Bormann fuse. The fuse was made of equal parts of lead and tin and was a very dependable ignition system during the war. The Bormann plug, which is tightly screwed into the fuse opening, wears a dark gray patina and exhibits heavy scuffing and abrasions to its surface. Very hard to see are the stampings on the fuse flange in ½ second intervals. Spanner wrench slots still visible. Projectile, which has been deactivated and cleaned, was fired from a 12-pound smoothbore field piece. Surface is smooth and hard with a pleasing, plum-brown patina overall. This US 12-pound spherical shell, recovered from the Court House Square area in Gettysburg, is identified by John Geiselman's collection by his museum listing.

This item is a very nice fragment of a fired C.S. 2.9-Inch Read Shell. Lightly pitted with attractive light brown, green, and gold patina, this fragment was found in relic condition on East cavalry Field, Gettysburg. It consists of the majority of the shell's top. It measures approximately 6-½ inches long by 2.9 inches in diameter and has not been cleaned or otherwise fussed with. The fuse is missing but has the hole for the wood adapter and paper time fuse is clearly evident; the inside of the shell is open for inspection. The sabot is also missing and the underside shell's recessed area is also open for inspection. Dr. John Braham Read patented this projectile in 1856 and from the number of variations, it is evident that the Confederacy suffered from a lack of standardization. This shell fragment is identified in John Geiselman's collection by his museum listing. It would make a nice display piece for an artillery, Civil War, or Gettysburg related collection.

Here is an original fragment of a C.S. 4.52-inch case-shot shell. It was found in relic condition in Gettysburg on the Codori Farm. Moderately pitted, it measures approximately 1-¾ inches square and is concave/convex shaped; the shell's thickness is approximately 5/8 inch. It has not been cleaned or otherwise fussed with. This relic is identified in John Geiselman's collection by a contemporary tag and it would make an excellent addition to a Confederate, artillery, Civil War, or Gettysburg collection and/or display.

Here is a fragment of iron from a Federal 4.52" twelve-pound spherical shell recovered from the Codori Farm on the Gettysburg battlefield sometime after the fighting. The iron shell frag measures approximately 2" long x 2" wide. Never cleaned, both the exterior and interior portions of this piece exhibit moderate rusting and some surface dirt. The remnant of this U.S. 12 pound spherical shell came from the Codori Farm at Gettysburg and is identified in John Geiselman's collection by his own contemporary inscribed labels.

Recovered at the Codori farm in Gettysburg after the fighting, here is a medium sized fragment from a fired US / CS 4.52" 12 pound spherical shell. Exterior of this concave-shaped shell frag exhibits a light brown mottled coloring and is in lightly pitted condition. Interior cavity has a thin film of surface dirt. Item is identified in John Geiselman's collection by his contemporary inscribed labels.

This item is a very nice fragment of a U.S. 3-Inch Type I Hotchkiss Shell. Heavily pitted, this fragment consists of the shell's base cup. It measures approximately 3 inches in diameter by 2-½ inches high and has a jagged top edge. It was found in relic condition in Reynold's Woods on the west side of Gettysburg and the scene of the first day's battle. It has not been cleaned or otherwise fussed with. This shell remnant is identified from John Geiselman's collection by a contemporary tag and would make a nice display piece for an artillery, Civil War, or Gettysburg related collection.

This item is a very nice fragment of a U.S. 3-Inch Shenkl Case Shot. Moderately pitted, this fragment composes the bottom section of the shell. Interestingly enough, inner matrix and case shot balls are exposed for study on this relic. It measures 2-½ inches tall and has several ribs visible on the conical tail. This fragment has never been cleaned and has a very attractive orange, white, and brown patina. This piece was identified in John Geiselman's collection by a contemporary tag and it would make an excellent display piece for an artillery, Civil War, or Gettysburg collection.

This Schenkl percussion shell fragment was recovered from the Codori Farm area on the Gettysburg battlefield. In relic condition, this narrow artillery fragment appears to be from the mid-portion of the shell and measures 3¾" long x 1 ¼" at its widest point. Never cleaned. Piece wears a coat of light rust and some surface dirt. This shell fragment is from the Codori Farm in Gettysburg is identified in John Geiselman's collection by his contemporary inscribed labels.

This cylindrical fragment of iron is an unidentified portion of a 3" artillery shell as recovered from the Codori Farm on the Gettysburg battlefield sometime after the fighting. This iron piece of shell measures approximately 2½" long x 2" wide. Never cleaned, the exterior of this base exhibits moderate rusting and surface dirt while the inner cavity has light pockmarking. This remnant of an artillery shell came from the Codori Farm at Gettysburg and is identified in John Geiselman's collection by his contemporary inscribed labels.

This item is a nice fragment from a U.S. / C.S.-3 inch artillery shell. It was found in relic condition in Gettysburg on the Codori Farm. Moderately pitted, it measures approximately 3-¼ inches by 1-¾ inches, is convex/concave, and has never been cleaned or otherwise fussed with. The shell wall is ¾ inch thick. This item is an inexpensive relic of the Gettysburg Battlefield and would make an excellent addition to an artillery, Civil War, or Gettysburg display/collection. It is identified in John Geiselman's collection by a contemporary inscribed tag.

This narrow shard of iron is from an unidentified U.S. artillery shell as recovered from the Spangler Farm on the Gettysburg battlefield sometime after the fighting. The iron piece of shell measures approximately 4" long x 1" wide. Never cleaned, the exterior of this base exhibits moderate rusting and some surface dirt while the inner cavity has light pockmarking. This remnant of an artillery shell came from the Spangler Farm at Gettysburg and is identified in John Geiselman's collection by his own handwritten paper label. There was one label accompanying this and and other Spangler Farm fragments, a copy of which will be included with this item.

This small shard of iron is from an unidentified U.S. artillery shell recovered from the Spangler Farm on the Gettysburg battlefield sometime after the fighting. The iron fragment measures approximately 2" long x 2" wide. Never cleaned, the exterior of this base exhibits moderate rusting and some surface dirt while the inner cavity has light pockmarking. This remnant of an artillery shell came from the Spangler Farm at Gettysburg and is identified in John Geiselman's collection by his own paper tag. There was one label accompanying this and other Spangler Farm fragments, a copy of which will be included with this item.

This shard of iron is from an unidentified U.S. artillery shell recovered from the Spangler Farm on the Gettysburg battlefield sometime after the fighting. The iron fragment measures approximately 2½" long x 2½" wide. Never cleaned, the exterior of this base exhibits moderate rusting and some surface dirt while the inner cavity has light pockmarking. This remnant of an artillery shell came from the Spangler Farm at Gettysburg and is identified in John Geiselman's collection by his own paper tag. There was one label accompanying this and other Spangler Farm fragments, a copy of which will be included with this item.

This narrow piece of iron is a fragment from an unidentified U.S. artillery shell recovered from the Spangler Farm on the Gettysburg battlefield sometime after the fighting. The iron fragment measures approximately 3" long x 1" wide. Never cleaned, the exterior of this base exhibits moderate rusting and some surface dirt while the inner cavity has light pockmarking. This remnant of an artillery shell came from the Spangler Farm at Gettysburg and is identified in John Geiselman's collection by his own paper tag. There was one label accompanying this and other Spangler Farm fragments, a copy of which will be included with this item.

This piece of iron is a fragment from an unidentified U.S. artillery shell recovered from the Spangler Farm on the Gettysburg battlefield sometime after the fighting. The iron fragment measures approximately 2½" long x 2" wide. Never cleaned, the exterior of this base exhibits light rusting and some surface dirt. This remnant of an artillery shell came from the Spangler Farm at Gettysburg and is identified in John Geiselman's collection by his own paper tag. There was one label accompanying this and other Spangler Farm fragments, a copy of which will be included with this item.

This piece of iron is a fragment from an unidentified U.S. artillery shell recovered from the Spangler Farm on the Gettysburg battlefield sometime after the fighting. The iron fragment measures approximately 2" long x 2" wide. Never cleaned, the exterior of this base exhibits light rusting and some surface dirt. This remnant of an artillery shell came from the Spangler Farm at Gettysburg and is identified in John Geiselman's collection by his own paper tag. There was one label accompanying this and other Spangler Farm fragments, a copy of which will be included with this item.

Here is an iron fragment from an unidentified U.S. artillery shell recovered from the Spangler Farm on the Gettysburg battlefield sometime after the fighting. The iron shard measures approximately 3" long x 2" wide. Never cleaned, the exterior of this base exhibits light rusting and some surface dirt. This remnant of an artillery shell came from the Spangler Farm at Gettysburg and is identified in John Geiselman's collection by his own paper tag. There was one label accompanying this and other Spangler Farm fragments, a copy of which will be included with this item.

Here is a medium-sized fragment from the nose of 3" U.S. Parrott shell recovered from the Spangler Farm on the Gettysburg battlefield sometime after the fighting. The iron shard measures approximately 3¾" long x 2" wide. Portion of the frag exhibits the remains of the threaded opening for the time fuse plug adapter. Never cleaned, the exterior and interior of this piece exhibits light rusting and some surface dirt. This nose remnant of the Parrott shell came from the Spangler Farm at Gettysburg and is identified in John Geiselman's collection by his own paper tag. There was one label accompanying this and other Spangler Farm fragments, a copy of which will be included with this item.

This small fragment from an unidentified artillery shell was recovered from the Spangler Farm on the Gettysburg battlefield sometime after the fighting. The iron shard, which appears to be a portion of a Hotchkiss shell, measures approximately 2" long x 1½" wide. Never cleaned, the exterior and interior of this piece exhibits moderate rust and some surface dirt. This remnant of an artillery shell came from the Spangler Farm at Gettysburg and is identified in John Geiselman's collection by his own paper tag. There was one label accompanying this and other Spangler Farm fragments, a copy of which will be included with this item.

Here is a small fragment from the nose of n unidentified artillery shell recovered from the Spangler Farm on the Gettysburg battlefield sometime after the fighting. The iron shard measures approximately 2" long x 1½" wide. Portion of the frag exhibits the remains of the threaded opening for the time fuse plug adapter. Never cleaned, the exterior and interior of this piece exhibits light rusting and some surface dirt. This nose remnant of an artillery shell came from the Spangler Farm at Gettysburg and is identified in John Geiselman's collection by his own paper tag. There was one label accompanying this and other Spangler Farm fragments, a copy of which will be included with this item.

This item is a Civil War ear plate chain - thirteen chain links and end bar. It was recovered in relic condition at an unknown non-Gettysburg location. Lightly pitted, the "O" ring's outside diameter measures 4 inches and is made of an iron/steel 5/8 inches thick. There are twelve links of chain each link measuring 3-inches long by 2-1/8 inches across. They are made of 5/8-inch thick iron/steel. The non-"O" ring end has a large chain link and heavy bar. This chain link is oval and measuring 5 1/8 inches long by 2 ½ inches across; the end bar is 7-¼ inches long by 1 inch across and attaches to the chain by a center hole. All components are solidly attached and have not been cleaned or otherwise fussed with. This piece weighs 11 pounds, is identified in John Geiselman's collection by a contemporary inscribed label, and would make an inexpensive display item for an Artillery or Civil War collection.

Here is an original Confederate Time Fuse Adapter (commonly known as a fuse plug) that was used to secure a paper time fuse in a projectile. This brass fuse adapter replaced the wooden adapter used early in the war and continued to be used until the war's end. This piece was found in relic condition at Barlow's Knoll in Gettysburg. Lightly pitted with some dirt still adhering, it is approximately 1-¼ inches in diameter (at the head), is 1-7/8 inches long, and has 12 threads per inch. The head has two spanner holes for tightening the fuse into the shell. Interestingly enough, there are remnants of the paper time fuse. It has not been cleaned or otherwise fussed with. This relic is identified in John Geiselman's collection by a contemporary tag and would make a nice display item for an artillery, Civil War, or Gettysburg collection.

Here is a fine CS time fuse adapter for rifled case-shot projectiles and made to replace the unsatisfactory Borman time fuses. It was found in very good condition at East Cavalry Field in Gettysburg sometime after the battle. The brass adapter plug head diameter measures 1¼" and is 1¼" long. It has a flat flanged head, two spanner slots, 12 threads per inch and a small base opening on lower end. Adapter still has its original paper fuse insert wedged into the plug opening. Plug bears a slight greenish patina and still wears a thin film of surface dirt. This Gettysburg relic is identified in John Geiselman's collection by his contemporary inscribed labels.

This small, circular device known as a brass underplug was used in conjunction with a Borman time fuse adapter in a 12-pound spherical shell. John Gieselman found this artifact near the Pennsylvania Monument in Gettysburg sometime after the battle. The underplug still retains its center opening, its two spanner holes and fine, sharp threaded edges. Before the Borman fuse itself was inserted in the spherical shell, the underplug which measures 1" in diameter x 3/8" thick, was screwed into the shell opening. Underplug surface is smooth and hard with a pleasing, dark patina overall. This brass underplug, used with a Borman time fuse adapter in a spherical shell, is identified by John Geiselman's collection by his museum listing.

This item is a very nice original underplug for a Bormann fuse. It was found in relic condition near breastworks in Gettysburg. Lightly pitted or rusted, it measures one inch in diameter and .37 inches high and has intact threads, spanner holes, and a flash hole. This type of underplug was used by both the North and South during the war and is found in brass and iron. This underplug is made of brass and has not been cleaned or otherwise fussed with. This piece is identified in John Geiselman's collection by his museum listing and is accompanied by a small round paper tag with John's neatly printed inventory number "110".

Here is a single, iron canister ball recovered from the Oak Ridge area of the Gettysburg battlefield sometime after the battle. The round canister shot measures 1" in diameter. Never cleaned, the surface bears a dark brown patina and few specks of light rust. This canister ball was recovered from Oak Ridge and is identified in John Geiselman's collection by his contemporary inscribed labels.

This item is an original canister ball. It was found in relic condition in Gettysburg in Reynold's Woods. Heavily corroded, it measures a round 1 ½-inches in diameter and has not been cleaned or otherwise fussed with. Prior to being fired, it was usually housed in a tin cylinder with other iron balls packed in sawdust. When fired, the tin can disintegrated and the balls flew in the direction of the target. This is an inexpensive relic of the Gettysburg Battlefield and would make an excellent display item for a Civil War, artillery, or Gettysburg collection. It is identified in John Geiselman's collection by a contemporary tag.

This item is an original canister ball. It was found in relic condition in Gettysburg at Oak Ridge. Heavily pitted and rusted but never cleaned or otherwise fussed with, it measures a round 1-¼-inch in diameter. Prior to being fired, it was usually housed in a tin cylinder with other iron balls packed in sawdust. This particular canister ball has some packing sawdust embedded on the ball. This is an inexpensive relic of the Gettysburg Battlefield and would make an excellent display item for a Civil War, artillery, or Gettysburg collection. It is identified from the John Geiselman Collection by a contemporary tag.

This eight-piece grouping of Civil War artillery case-shot was found on the Peach Orchard of the Gettysburg battlefield sometime after the fighting. Once part of the Dr. Hill Collection, each case-shot, or iron ball, is approximately ½" to ¾" in diameter. All pieces exhibit a moderate coating of rust and some surface dirt. These artifacts, all recovered from the Peach Orchard in Gettysburg, are in fine condition and rest upon a small, circular ceramic dish. Items never cleaned. These battlefield relics from the Peach Orchard are identified in John Geiselman's collection by his original tag in his own handwriting.

Here is a very fine specimen of a CS artillery stand of grapeshot ball as recovered from an undisclosed location on the Gettysburg battlefield sometime after the fighting. This type of artillery projectile was used in 24-pound 'smoothbore' howitzers that had a bore diameter of 5.82". This early battlefield pickup is one section of grapeshot and consists of a single 2 5/8" diameter iron canister ball. Ball has a fine hard surface that exhibits the normal casting flaws. Never cleaned, the entire grape specimen has acquired a rich, chocolate-brown coloring and is free of any rust. A thin film of surface dirt is visible. This grapeshot ball in John Geiselman's collection is identified by his contemporary inscribed labels.

Here is a single Ball from a U.S. or C.S. 12 Pounder Grapeshot Stand. With provenance to the William Ziegler Collection of Gettysburg items, it is moderately pitted, measures approximately 2 1/8 inches round, and is a very attractive piece. It has a few small gashes and not been cleaned or otherwise fussed with. A strand of grapeshot usually consisted of three layers of three balls such as this one; each layer had a retaining ring and each end of the strand had a plate. The whole strand was held together by a central bolt. When fired, the balls separated and the balls, plates, rings, and bolt flew towards the target. Although grapeshot stands were being replaced by canister, grapeshot balls are being found on some Civil War Battlefields. This piece was identified in John Geiselman's collection by his museum listing and would make an excellent Civil War, artillery, or Gettysburg display item.

Here is a large iron Ball from a stand of grapes for a 42 Pounder. It was found in relic condition in Vicksburg. Lightly pitted, it measures 3-1/8 inches in diameter round, has a light brown and gold patina, and is a very attractive piece. It has never been cleaned or otherwise fussed with. This piece was identified in John's collection by a contemporary inscribed label and would make a great display item for a Vicksburg or artillery collection.

This item is a very nice 2 pound spherical shot from the Revolutionary War. Found on the Hudson River Banks near New York City, it is lightly pitted and measures approximately 2-½ inches in diameter. This shot weighs slightly over 2 pounds; it appears not to have been cleaned or otherwise fussed with. This piece is identified in John Geiselman's collection by a contemporary inscribed label and would make a nice display piece for the Revolutionary War.

Here is an Austrian M1854 Lorenz Rifle Combination Tool. Paul Kernel found it in relic condition on the Slider Farm in Gettysburg. Lightly pitted with some light rust, it is uncleaned, measures approximately 4 ½ inches long by 3 inches, and still could be used today. This combination tool has a punch and torque pin, cone wrench, and screwdriver. It has a "O" stamped on the cone wrench stem. This tool is pictured and described on page 210 of Shaffer, Rutledge, and Dorsey's Gun Tools: Their History and Identification 1992. This piece was identified in John Geiselman's collection by his museum listing and comes with a small round paper tag neatly printed with John's inventory number "82". It would make an excellent display piece for a Gettysburg collection.

Here is a very nice Model 1842 Musket Combination Gun Tool. Essential as new, its provenance traces to the Pitzer Collection of Gettysburg items. It was found at an unknown location in Gettysburg. With a black finish, it measures approximately 3 ½ inches long and includes the two screwdriver ends, which pivot on a rivet easily. The cone wrench on the other end is intact and undamaged. There are no visible markings and it has not been cleaned or otherwise fussed with. This piece was identified in John Geiselman's collection by his museum listing and would make an interesting display piece for a Civil War or Gettysburg collection.

Here is an example of battlefield recovered, medium-sized iron bullet mold that appears to be made for a .36 caliber pistol. From the Dr. Hill Collection, this item was recovered in Gettysburg sometime after the fighting and is complete and in working order. The twin-handled, hinged mold measures 4¾" in length and exhibits the head cut for a round ball. Sprue hole is clean and sharp. In very good condition, the piece wears a mottled dark brown patina with scattered patches of old rust. Never cleaned. A fine Gettysburg battlefield artifact from the Dr. Hill Collection, this iron bullet mold is identified in John Geiselman's collection by his contemporary inscribed labels.

This item is a very nice, original round ball mold. It was found in relic condition on the Rider Farm in Gettysburg. Lightly pitted, it measures approximately 4-½ inches long and pivots easily. This mold must have been picked up soon after the battle because it looks as if it were still used today. It has not been cleaned, has an attractive patina, and is marked with a light stamped "229" on one handle near the cutter. It measures out for a .32 caliber round pistol ball. The inside of the mold has a sharp "cutter" to remove the excess lead; the handles are slightly curved and pointed at the ends. This piece was identified in John Geiselman's collection his museum listing and would make an excellent display item for a Gettysburg collection.

This item is a very nice, original round ball mold. It was found in relic condition on the Rider Farm in Gettysburg. Lightly pitted, it measures approximately 4-½ inches long and pivots with some effort. This mold must have been picked up soon after the battle because it looks as if it were still used today. It has not been cleaned or otherwise fussed with, has an attractive patina, and is unmarked. It measures out for a .32 caliber round pistol ball. There is no cutter on this mold and the handles are slightly tapered; one handle is slightly bent. This piece was identified in John Geiselman's collection his museum listing and would make an excellent display item for a Gettysburg collection.

This item is a Riker display case full of molten lead fragments. These bits were recovered in relic condition on the David Plank Farm on the Gettysburg Battlefield. Lightly pitted with some encrusted dirt, there are approximately ninety irregularly shaped pieces varying in size from tooth size to the largest, which is a flattened 1-½ inches by 1 inch. All fragments show the white coating of having been buried for years; some have attractive multicolored patina. Some of these fragments can be identified as bits of lead artillery shell sabots while others are clearly bullet fragments. This tray is identified in John Geiselman's collection by a contemporary inscribed label and would make an excellent display item for a Gettysburg collection.

This is a single Union bullet recovered in relic condition at an unknown location in Gettysburg. It is a dropped .58 caliber U.S. three ring bullet that shows the white coating of having been buried for years. It comes with a small round (1-¾ inch diameter) unmarked porcelain dish. It has not been cleaned. This tray is identified from John Geiselman's collection by a contemporary tag and would make a nice display for a Gettysburg or Civil War collection.

This is a nice small grouping of bullets. They were found in relic condition at an unknown location in Gettysburg. Included in this grouping are two bullets including an unfired U.S. .58 caliber three ring minieball and a fired .577 caliber Enfield bullet. Heavy rifling grooves show plainly on the later. The bullets have some dirt residue and both show the white coating of having been buried for years. Both bullets have not been cleaned or otherwise fussed with and are displayed on a small round 1-7/8 inch diameter white unmarked pottery dish. This relic tray is identified to John Geiselman's collection by a contemporary tag and would make an excellent display item for a Civil War or Gettysburg collection.

This is a small grouping of unfired bullets. These were recovered in relic condition on the Charles Wherley Farm in Gettysburg. Included in this grouping of bullets are fourteen dropped .58 caliber U.S. three ring bullets. All bullets show the white coating of having been buried for years; two of the bullets show some original gray lead coloring. These relics are housed on a 4-inch diameter green-gold colored unmarked glass dish. This tray is identified from John Geiselman's collection by a contemporary tag and is accompanied by a handwritten white paper tag (2-5/8 inches by 1 inches) that states "FOUND ON / CHARLES WHERLEY / FARM" in two lines. This bullet tray would make a nice display for a Gettysburg or Civil War collection.

Presented here is a grouping of Civil War minie balls that were recovered from the Robeson Sand Co. in Gettysburg sometime after the Battle. Displayed on a small-sized, circular ceramic dish, the group consists of six, dropped Federal 3-ringer minie balls. Never cleaned, bullets wear a coat of white oxidation and exhibit a film of surface dirt. This fine grouping, recovered from Gettysburg is identified in John Geiselman's collection by his own small paper label in his own writing.

Here is one dozen Civil War minie balls recovered from an undisclosed location on the Gettysburg battlefield by resident Harry Burns sometime after the fighting. Group consists of eight, .58 caliber Federal 3-ring minies, three conical pistol bullets and one case shot. All lead bullets exhibit a coating of white oxidation. Harry Burns recovered these artifacts from the Gettysburg battlefield sometime after the fighting. They are in dropped condition and rest upon a small, circular ceramic dish. Items never cleaned. These Gettysburg battlefield relics are identified in John Geiselman's collection by his original tag in his own contemporary inscribed labels.

This is a nice small grouping of various type relics. They were found in relic condition on Little Round Top on the Gettysburg Battlefield. Included in this grouping are two bullets, a brass grommet, a roller buckle, and an unidentified piece. The two bullets include an unfired .69 caliber minieball and a fired pistol bullet. The bullets have some dirt residue and both show the white coating of having been buried for years. The brass grommet measures 7/8 inches in diameter, is toned an attractive green, and is from an unknown source. The roller buckle measures 1 inch by ¾ inches and is moderately pitted. There is also an unidentified small oval brass piece with two rivets. All items have not been cleaned or otherwise fussed with and are displayed on a small round 2-¼ inch diameter white unmarked pottery dish. This relic tray is identified to John Geiselman's collection by a contemporary tag and would make an excellent display item for a Civil War or Gettysburg collection.

This is a nice grouping of various type relics. They were found in relic condition in Gettysburg in the Peach Orchard. Included in this grouping are bullets, a brass grommet, a CS artillery fuse, and a piece of a worm. There are twenty bullets: ten three ring U.S. cone cavity .58 caliber (dropped and fired), three three ring U.S. cone cavity .58 caliber misfired and extracted bullets with a worm hole on the top, three .58 Caliber Williams Cleaners, one dropped .577 Enfield bullet, two .44 caliber pistol bullets, and one .52 caliber Spencer bullet with the remains of the case still attached. The bullets have some dirt residue and all show the white coating of having been buried for years. The one fuse is a Confederate Time Fuse adapter with a 1-¼ inch diameter head with some dirt residue. This fuse is interesting and unusual for two reasons: it still has remnants of the paper time fuse and it has the leather washer still attached. The brass grommet measures ¾ inches in diameter, is toned an attractive green, and could have been on a cartridge box. The worm remnants measure ½ inches long and are heavily pitted. All items have not been cleaned or otherwise fussed with. This relic tray is identified to John Geiselman's collection by a contemporary tag and would make an excellent display item for a Civil War or Gettysburg collection.

This is a small grouping of various type relics. They were found in relic condition in Gettysburg in the breastworks on East Culp's Hill. Included in this grouping is a bullet, a bayonet scabbard tip, and a part of a lead artillery shell sabot. The bullet is a .52 caliber dropped Sharps, the lead sabot remnant measures 1-¾ inches long by 1 inch wide, and the brass bayonet scabbard tip has a missing finial and has been dented and split. The bullet shows the white coating of having been buried for years. These relics are displayed on an unmarked round pottery dish approximately 2-¾ inches in diameter. These items were identified from John Geiselman's collection by a contemporary tag and is accompanied by John's handwritten 3-½ inch by ½ inch tag that states "EAST CULPS HILL BRESTWORKS". This tray would make an excellent display item for a Civil War or Gettysburg collection.

This lot has two trays of Gettysburg relics. The first tray, a 3-¼ inch diameter white pottery dish, has two ¾ inch diameter iron case-shot balls and one 1 ½ inch diameter iron canister ball. All are moderately pitted but attractively colored and uncleaned. The second tray, a 2 ½ inch square white china dish bottom marked "IRONSTONE CHINA / POWELL & BISHOP / ENGLAND", has nine bullets. All bullets show the white coating of having been buried for years. There are four dropped and fired 3 ring .58 caliber federal minie balls, three dropped and fired .69 caliber round balls, one unfired .36 caliber pistol bullet, and one deformed .52 caliber Sharps bullet. These trays are identified from John Geiselman's collection by a contemporary tag and are accompanied by a handwritten white paper tag (3-¾ inches by 1-¼ inches) that states "CANESTER BALLS AND BULLETS / FOUND BY GROVER YINGLING / ON THE YINGLING HOMESTEAD / ALONG ROCK CREEK" in four lines. These trays would make a nice display for a Gettysburg or Civil War collection.

This varied ensemble of Civil war artifacts was found on the Allen Schwartz Farm on a Federal Third Corp hospital site sometime after the battle. The group consists of one Federal, brass oval belt plate, one circular 'Eagle' breast plate, fourteen Federal 3-ring minies, three canister balls, as well as three 'Eagle' coat buttons, a compressed pewter canteen spout, various iron nails, hooks, single door key, and three shards of bone. Bone fragments will be turned over to proper authorities for examination and later burial. The excavated, brass oval belt plate with strong and tight arrowhead hooks and clasp exhibits some edge cracking on the face while the backside suffers from slight lead erosion. The Eagle breastplate is in fine dug condition with just a slight convex bend to it. Backside is fine and features just one iron loop and no lead erosion. All the bullets exhibit a thin film of white oxidation and surface dirt. All the iron items exhibit heavy rust while three of the buttons are strong and intact with the fourth showing just the backside. These relics, recovered from the Allen Schwartz Farm on the battlefield of Gettysburg, are in good condition and rest upon a medium-size white, ceramic plate. Items never cleaned. This mixture of battlefield relics from the Allen Schwartz Farm in Gettysburg are identified in John Geiselman's collection by his original tag in his own hand writing.

This item is a large lot of various relics. These were recovered in relic condition from Reynold's Woods on the Gettysburg Battlefield, west of the borough of Gettysburg and site of the first day of Battle. Lightly to heavily pitted, there are approximately 80 individual iron, lead, or brass pieces in this lot. Many of the items are camp utensil remains but there are many other items of interest. First off, there is a small Confederate canteen sling keeper; it measures approximately ¾ inches long and has a bend most likely from when it was torn from the canteen. There are many individual spoon remains including the spoon cups (no fewer than four) and spoon stems (no fewer than eight); all are heavily pitted and have no discernable markings. The 8-½ inch long handle from a long camp skillet, knife blades, a heavily corroded 6-½ inch long bayonet tip, parts of individual eating utensil kits (e.g., fork and knife) (including one with some of the wooden handle still adhering) and a small piece of a pocket knife's wooden stock with embedded emblem are also here. Additionally, there are many small pieces of recovered buttons (non are complete): shanks, an eagle front, an ornately designed shirt button, and even one with visible but unreadable marker's marks. Spencer bullet cartridge remnants are also present. A part of a brass powder flask with the design intact is present. Small molten lead bits, a fuse piece, spent percussion caps, grommets, pewter canteen spout remains, a part of a harmonica, and a shield fragment from a McClellan saddle with a number "2" clearly punched are some of the miscellaneous pieces. There are many other unidentifiable parts and pieces that deserve research attention. None of the items have not been cleaned or otherwise fussed with. This box of relics displays well and would make an excellent and inexpensive conversation piece for a Civil War or Gettysburg collection. This lot is displayed in a nice cherry wood glass covered case measuring 12 inches by 18 inches by 2 inches high. It is identified in John Geiselman's collection by a contemporary inscribed label.

This item is a large lot of various relics. These were recovered in relic condition from the 12th Corps area of operations on the Gettysburg Battlefield. General Slocum was the 12th Corps Commander with responsibility for the Union's right wing. The Twelfth Corps distinguished itself by its gallant defense of Culp's Hill. The Twelfth Corps, containing 28 regiments, lost 204 killed, 810 wounded, and 67 missing.

Lightly to heavily pitted, there are no less than 100 individual iron, lead, or brass pieces in this lot. A first impression of this lot is that there are mostly button remnants and brass grommets. There are, however, many other interesting pieces here: these include an officer's cap infantry insignia remnant, pieces of fuses including a Borman fuse, Burnside and Spencer cartridge parts, and an officer's shoulder scale tab. There are a few camp utensil remains including a fork and a spoon handle piece. Included are at least five roller buckle parts. Additionally, there are many pieces of recovered buttons (non appear to be complete) including shanks, button backs, fronts with an eagle front, many with readable marker's marks. Small molten lead bits, grommets with and without leather remains, a boot head tap, a brass caliper pivot piece with the scale still readable, and an ornately punched brass piece are some of the miscellaneous pieces. There are many other unidentifiable parts and pieces that deserve research attention. None of the items have not been cleaned or otherwise fussed with. This box of relics displays well and would make an excellent and inexpensive conversation piece for a Civil War or Gettysburg collection. This lot is displayed in a nice cherry wood glass covered case measuring 12 inches by 18 inches by 2 inches high. It is identified in John Geiselman's collection by a contemporary inscribed label.

This item is a large lot of various relics. These were recovered in relic condition from Devil's Den at the base of Little Round Top on the Gettysburg Battlefield. Lightly to heavily pitted, there are no fewer than 100 individual pieces in this lot. There are bullets and bullet fragments, gun parts, a bayonet part, brass shoulder scale fragments, artillery fuses, trunk hardware, and a spoon. The fired and dropped bullets include .69 caliber round and minieballs, U.S. .58 caliber three band bullets, pistol bullets, a tooth-mark ridden "pain" bullet, .577 caliber Enfield bullets, .52 caliber Sharps ringtails, and many unidentified lead bullet fragments. The gun parts include a lockplate, trigger and guard, and a barrel band; all are heavily corroded. The moderately pitted bayonet blade tip measures 7-½ inches. There are other miscellaneous and unidentified iron parts including a part of a civilian horse bit. There is a trunk handle and ornate brass trunk decorative piece. Seven fuse parts include six long wrench slot and double wrench slot Borman time fuses and a Confederate screwdriver slot time fuse adapter; all these fuses have been fired. The two brass shoulder scales measure 4 inches by 3 ¼ inches. The last notable piece is a decorative GAR 1-¾ inch round pin with the photo of the 126th NY Infantry battlefield monument. None of the items have not been cleaned or otherwise fussed with. This lot is displayed in a nice cherry wood glass covered case measuring 12 inches by 18 inches by 2 inches high. It is identified in John Geiselman's collection by a contemporary inscribed label and would make an attractive Gettysburg display.

Here is a wonderful collection of minie balls and miscellaneous relics gathered from the Gettysburg battlefield occupied by the division of Confederate General George E. Pickett. Nicely displayed in a large (12"x18"), cherry wood / glass topped display case is a grouping of Confederate .577 cal Gardner and Enfield minies, four CS Ringtail Sharps bullets, three CS Sharps bullets, twenty-five pistol bullets, twenty round balls, twenty-three Federal 3-ringer .58 cal minies, and eight US .69 cal minie balls. Also included are one Williams cleaner bullet, five US Sharps carbine bullets, one small canister round, and one pair of eyeglasses. In addition, the case exhibits a beautiful large cent dated 1836, an ornate bone-handled dirk without the blade, a 2" diameter celluloid reunion badge dated 1902, a portion of a ramrod, an iron tie down ring, harness ring, a saddle ring and numerous iron rings, hooks and latches. Other items include six lead finials, one iron 'C' clamp, melted lead, a brass lockplate base and a shard of bottle glass. Never cleaned, all bullets wear a coat of white oxidation and some still have a film of dirt from the field. This fantastic grouping of minie balls and relics items was recovered from ground occupied by Pickett's division at Gettysburg and is identified in John Geiselman's collection by his own contemporary inscribed labels.

This very fine grouping of Civil War bullets and assorted relics is from the McMillan Woods area on the Gettysburg battlefield. Recovered sometime after the battle, this handsome collection of items is nicely exhibited in a large, 12" x 18" cherry wood / glass display case. The bullets in the artifact grouping consist of one hundred twenty Union 3-ringer .58 caliber minie balls; eleven round balls; five fired minies; five 3-ringer misfired bullets; one "Star-based" .58 caliber minie; seven CS Gardner .577 minies, 25 buckshot and three, fired Williams cleaner bullets. Also, there are eleven uniform buttons that include both coat and cuff size specimens of a New York regiment. Group has two, canteen pewter spouts, three brass finials, one bayonet scabbard tip, three gun tool wipers, and three medium size harness buckles. Other relics include a nipple protector and chains; small iron buckles; small grommets encased with leather; brass rivets; remnants of a Smith-type brass shoulder strap; rifle main spring; rifle nipple; rifle lock screw; pocket watch key; long iron ration can hook and miscellaneous brass and iron relics. Never cleaned, all bullets wear a coat of white oxidation. This fine grouping, recovered from the battlefield area on McMillans Woods, is identified in John Geiselman's collection by his own contemporary inscribed labels that reads, "MCHILLIANS WOODS".

Here is a unique and interesting piece of Gettysburg history, a bullet embedded in a piece of wood. John Geiselman obtained it from the Henry Bittle Collection; it was recovered from Zeigler's Grove on the Gettysburg Battlefield. The bullet is clearly protruding from this piece of wood and is a Williams Cleaner; the stub shows on the end of the bullet. This piece of oak wood measures a half moon shaped 6-½ inches in diameter by 8 inches long. The bullet was most likely found when the oak tree was cut and split. Bark is still present on outside edge. The wood is uncleaned and very attractive; there are a few wormholes, which give it additional character. An interesting side project for artifact is determining the age of the tree when it was cut. Enough of the diameter of the tree exists that the rings could be counted. This piece was identified in John Geiselman's collection by his museum listing and has his inventory number (4) neatly written on a small round paper tag. It is very attractive and would make an excellent addition to a Gettysburg Civil War collection and display.

Here is a very attractive piece of Gettysburg history - a lead bullet embedded in a section of wood. John Geiselman obtained it from the Henry Bittle collection of Gettysburg Civil War items; it was recovered from the Rose Farm Woods at the south end of the Wheatfield in Gettysburg. This wood measures14-½ inches long by 5 inches by 3-½ inches and appears to be from a split and cut tight grained oak tree; some bark still adheres. Most likely this bullet was discovered when the tree was felled and split. Only a cross section of the unknown type of bullet shows but is appears to be a .58 caliber. It is located approximately mid way on one side of the wood but it plainly shows and would display well. This piece has never been cleaned, has not been sealed, and was identified in John Geiselman's collection by his museum listing. It comes with a small 4 ½ inch by 1 ¼ inch cardboard tag with neatly outlined and typed words "Gettysburg Battle-log / Cut from a tree in Rose's Woods at the / south end of the "Wheatfield".". It is very attractive and would make an excellent addition to a Gettysburg Civil War collection and display.

This Gettysburg battlefield relic, picked up at Reynold's Woods soon after the battle, is a tapered, brass tip for a Model 1855 rifle-musket bayonet scabbard. Once part of the Mehring Collection, this cylindrical, slightly tapered, brass sleeve measures 3¾" long and has a 3/8" long conical point at the tip. Base of scabbard tip exhibits a small split (1/2" long). The brass exhibits a pleasing, mottled bronze-colored patina overall. This artifact, found in a field near Reynold's Woods, is identified in John Geiselman's collection by his contemporary inscribed labels.

This artifact is the brass skin, i.e. the die-struck sheet of rolled brass from a Federal infantry oval "US" waist belt plate. Oval plate shell is of the early regulation 1839 pattern and measures 3½" x 2¼". Found on Culp's Hill on the Gettysburg battlefield some time after the battle, this plate is in solid, strong condition but it is missing the hooks and all the lead backing. Specimen has the large raised letters "US" on the face and exhibits a wonderful mottled bronze and greenish patina overall. Face of the plate is edged with double and exhibits a slightly convex shape. This shell of a US oval waist belt is in very nice condition and would be worthy of any Civil War Gettysburg display or accoutrement collection. Plate is from the collection of John Geiselman and is identified by his contemporary inscribed labels.

This artifact, recovered from the battlefields of Gettysburg, is a wartime specimen of a Federal officer's brass, rectangular, Eagle wreath waist belt plate. In superb condition, this device was recovered from an undisclosed location on the battlefield within days or weeks of the fighting. As noted in General Order # 31, this plate is constructed of gilt cast brass and features in integral spread-winged eagle with a laurel wreath on the face and an applied broad brass tongue on the reverse. Specimen features the motif of the eagle with a shield on his breast, gripping an olive branch with its right talon and holding three arrows in the left talon. Overall wear is at a very minimum as the plate still exhibits clear letters in the national motto. The face of this plate has acquired handsome rich bronze patina overall with traces of dirt in scattered crevices. No maker's mark is visible on the back but piece does retain a small paper label affixed to plate that bears the numeral '50". This original, Federal officer's rectangular, brass belt plate from the battlefield of Gettysburg is identified in John Geiselman's collection by his contemporary inscribed labels.

Here is a wonderful Union infantry waist belt plate of the early regulation 1839 pattern. Once part of the Dr. Hill Collection, the accoutrement plate was recovered from an undisclosed location on the Gettysburg battlefield sometime after the fighting. The device measures 3½" x 2¼" and is a die-struck, rolled, oval plate in fine, strong condition. Specimen has the large raised letters "US" on the face and exhibits a pleasing, dirty-bronze patina. Remarkably, there are still traces of the original gold gilt highlights scattered about on the plate face. Backside of the plate retains its brass 'puppy-paw' hooks and claps, all intact. Back is lead-filled and in strong, smooth, non-erosive condition. Lead bears no maker's stamp. Face of the plate is edged with double borders and exhibits a slightly convex shape. Plate has no dings or dents and wears a thin film of dirt on the surface. This is an original, Gettysburg battlefield-recovered, US oval waist belt plate in fine condition and it would be worthy of any Civil War display or collection. Plate is from the collection of John Geiselman and is identified by his contemporary inscribed labels.

From the battlefield of Gettysburg comes this leather cavalry sword belt rig in good condition that was picked up soon after the fighting. Found on East Cavalry field, this belt specimen measures 35" in length, has a width of 1¾" and is equipped with brass furniture, such as the belt keeper, belt hook and sword hanger hook. Two leather loops are attached via small rivets to the belt near the brass keeper. One loop supports a small brass ring that in turn supports a 2¾" long, modified sword hanger. Second loop slides and is adjustable. Leather appears to be of russet coloring, a bit dry and it does show some surface crazing, but overall the piece is still strong and supple. Black thread stitching is intact and strong at the keeper. No arsenal or maker's markings are visible on the belt. This altered cavalry sword belt rig from East Cavalry Field is identified in John Geiselman's collection by his contemporary inscribed labels.

Here is an original and identified leather cartridge box survivor from the Battle of Gettysburg. The artifact is a Federal maker-marked, .69 caliber, infantry accoutrement that was picked up very soon after the fighting at Gettysburg. Once part of the Pitzer Collection, this black leather specimen was found near the Bryan House on the battlefield close by the High Water Mark. Hand scratched onto the flap surface is the ID of the original owner that reads, "W.W.WIGGINS". William W. Wiggins was a Corporal in the 5th Wisconsin Infantry who was wounded in the right thigh in May 1863 at Chancellorsville, VA Upon his admittance to the hospital, Wiggins equipment was turned in for reissue. Interestingly, Corporal Wiggins never made it to the fight at Gettysburg but his leather cartridge box did. His identified accoutrement was picked up near the Bryan House on the battlefield.

The .58 caliber cartridge box is in fine relic condition and still retains its original, oval, brass US plate on the outer flap. Specimen measures 6" high by 8¼" wide by 1¾" deep, has lost both tins, but still retains its full leather outer flap, inner flap, both 'ears', implement pouch and tab, outer flap closure tab, brass finial and one iron roller buckles at box bottom. No sling. Backside of this specimen has its two vertical leather loops and two horizontal shoulder sling loops intact, all strongly stitched and riveted. All leather is strong but dry and does exhibit areas of light to moderate cracking and crazing about the outer flap, body and ears. Original closure tab on the outer flap is partially broken and displays cracking and scuffing. Not curled or distorted. Inner flap exhibits a illegible maker's stamp. Leather on the box sides, bottom and back is in good condition and the left side bears the block letters "W W W". Never cleaned, this cartridge box exhibits light to moderate surface dirt. US oval brass box plate is in very good condition and wears a pleasing ochre / rich bronze patina along with two spots of dark discoloration.

Wiggins' military and pension records from the National Archives accompany this artifact. A super battlefield pickup just days or weeks after the fighting ended at Gettysburg, this Federal .69 caliber cartridge box, is identified in John Geiselman's collection by his museum listing.

This well-preserved, leather accoutrement is an original, Federal infantry, .69 caliber cartridge box picked up on the battlefield soon after the fighting at Gettysburg. Of the Pattern 1861, this early "Yankee" box is slightly larger than the .58 caliber cartridge box and is in fine original condition. Once part of the Sponseller Collection of Gettysburg, the black leather accoutrement was found near the brick arch of the Evergreen Cemetery entrance on the battlefield within days of the fighting. This wonderful specimen measures 6¼" high by 8½" wide by 1¾" deep. Box still retains its original, oval, brass US plate on the full leather outer flap and has its inner flap with both 'ears', implement pouch and tab, outer flap closure tab, brass finial and two iron roller buckles at box bottom. The two metal cartridge tins are missing, as is the shoulder sling. Backside of this specimen retains its two vertical leather loops and two horizontal shoulder sling loops intact, all strongly stitched and riveted. All leather is remarkably strong but does exhibit scattered areas of cracking and crazing about the outer flap and ears. Original closure tab on the outer flap is intact and displays cracking and scuffing. Not curled or distorted. Leather on the box sides, bottom and back is in very good condition. Never cleaned, this cartridge box exhibits just light surface dirt. US oval brass box plate is in super condition and wears a dusky bronze patina overall. This Federal .69 caliber cartridge box is a super battlefield pickup made just days or weeks after the fighting ended at Gettysburg. The leather accoutrement is identified in John Geiselman's collection by his museum listing.

Here is an original, early war, enlisted Model 1840 light artillery saber that saw hard service on the fields of Gettysburg. Once part of the Norbert Ollier collection, this wartime edged weapon is a Federal Model 1840 artillery saber that was found on the battlefield near the Loop. The loop is the area of the proverbial Southern 'High Water Mark' at Gettysburg. The edged weapon is in wonderful condition and complete, save for its scabbard which is missing. Picked up shortly after the fighting stopped, this original weapon is a wonderful example of the basic model 1840 light saber made for mounted artillery. Though unmarked, this saber appears to be that of an Ames Manufacturing Company-produced weapon. Reverse ricasso shows possible surface rubbing where the maker's stamp is located. Some faint markings visible but not strong enough to be identified. No other marks found. This wonderful Gettysburg specimen is in very good condition and features a full length, steel blade that measures 32" long, 1 9/32" wide with a single fuller. Some edge nicks visible along the cutting edge. Blade wears a dark, chocolate brown color and has a light film of rust and surface dirt evenly distributed. Weapon retains its full brass guard and pommel and has the typical single knucklebow and no branches. Domed pommel cap, in the Phrygian style, has no markings visible. Grips are of wood, wrapped with black leather and have 22-gauge twisted brass wire wound around the handle. Grips have a slimmer profile at the pommel and a fuller profile at the guard. Leather dry but strong with a large, 2" long section flaked away on the obverse. Never cleaned, all brass has acquired a rich, dark brown patina. The numerals "139" are handwritten on the obverse side of the blade near the ricasso in chalk. A superb artillery saber from the clash at the Loop or High Water Mark at Gettysburg, this veteran weapon was part of the Ollier collection and is identified in John Geiselman's collection by his museum listing.

This Civil War artifact is Federal Model 1860 light cavalry saber that was recovered in the battle area at East Cavalry Field in Gettysburg. Once part of the Nebert Ollier Collection, this edged weapon specimen and its metal scabbard are fine representatives of the type issued to Yankee troopers during the war. Most likely dropped sometime during the frenzied cavalry action on the Third Day at Gettysburg in July 1863, this remarkable artifact was found on East Cavalry Field shortly after the battle. Produced by the Providence Tool Company of Providence, Rhode Island, this original cavalry saber is in very good condition and comes complete with its steel scabbard. The full length, steel blade measures 34½" long. The wide fuller measures 27½" long while the narrow fuller is 19" long. Strong steel blade wears a dusky, light gray coloring and exhibits scattered areas of salt and pepper rust pitting and dark age discoloration overall. Blade is straight and has just a few edge nicks along its length. Obverse ricasso is very lightly marked with the maker's stamping showing just a portion of the Providence Tool Co logo. Reverse ricasso is lightly stamped with "U.S. / illegible / 1862". Weapon retains its original brass hilt with the typical two-branch guard and its Phrygian-style pommel cap with no markings visible. Hilt bears a perceptible slight looseness. Brass quillon is not bent but hilt is missing its original leather blade washer. All brass furniture has acquired a pleasing, dark bronze patina that appears to have been rubbed in areas. One of the most interesting aspects of this saber involves the wood grips that show the Model 1840-style and appear to have been a period repair. The grips are carved wood and exhibit a wider stance at the hilt than at the pommel. Approximately more than 60% of the leather wrap is missing and the double-twist, brass wire is loosely wound about the grips. No center swell is prevalent on the grips. Never cleaned, the steel scabbard is in very fine, complete condition and bears just slight dings and dents commensurate with normal age. Drag exhibits the telltale edge-wear angle from actual use. This battle weapon, part of the Nebert Ollier Collection, is a wonderful saber from the East Cavalry Field area at Gettysburg, and is identified in John Geiselman's collection by his museum listing.

This item is small jack knife or pocketknife. It was found in relic condition at Antietam. This knife was probably homemade but made with skill and care. Lightly pitted, it measures approximately 5 inches long by 1 inch wide when closed and 8-¼ inches long when the blade is opened. It still functions today. The knife has a single blade-3-½ inches long and it still has an edge; there are no nicks or dents and the tip is intact. The handle is made of (chestnut?) wood and heavy crosscuts show on the inside of the handle; a small piece is missing but it does not detract from its appearance or functioning. The blade has a locked open position facilitated by a metal leaf spring on the top of the handle. There is a small punched marker's mark (?), possibly a crown, on the blade. This knife has not been cleaned or otherwise damaged. This piece was identified in John Geiselman's collection by his museum listing and would make an interesting conversation and display piece.

Here is an attractive recovered section of a U.S. Model 1861 Musket Ramrod. It was found in relic condition in Reynold's Woods on the west side of the borough of Gettysburg and the site of the first day of Battle. Moderately pitted, it measures approximately 27-5/8 inches long, is missing the screw end, and the remaining section has not been cleaned or bent. The conical shaped head is still intact. This piece would make and excellent addition to your Gettysburg and/or Civil War related collection. It was identified in John Geiselman's collection by a contemporary tag.

Here is an attractive recovered section of a U.S. Model 1861 Musket Ramrod. It was found in relic condition in Reynold's Woods on the west side of the borough of Gettysburg and the site of the first day of Battle. Moderately pitted, it measures approximately 28-¾ inches long, is missing the conical shaped head, and the remaining section has not been cleaned or bent. The threads on the screw end are not visible. This piece would make and excellent addition to your Gettysburg and/or Civil War related collection. It was identified in John Geiselman's collection by a contemporary tag.

This item is a very nice Model 1863 Rifled Musket barrel band. It was recovered in relic condition at an unknown location in Gettysburg. Very lightly pitted, it must have been recovered soon after the battle; it is in excellent condition. This band has a very attractive light brown patina. It measures 2-1/8 inches long by 1-½ inches across and the tightening screw turns easily. This piece is identified in John Geiselman's collection by a contemporary inscribed label and would make a nice display item for a Civil War or Gettysburg collection.

Here is a very nice, attractive identified powder flask. Although not marked, John Geiselman's tag identifies it from Captain Horner of Cole's Cavalry. John was supposedly neighbors of Captain Horner's descendants, hence, the provenance. Save for a few small unnoticeable dents and the attractive green patina, it is in new condition. This civilian style flash from the 1850-1860's is complete: the top spring, cutter, two carrying loop rings, and adjustment stop screw (with four settings) all function flawlessly. The thumb piece is intact as is the collar, neck, and swell. The body has a raised oyster shell and leaf design imprint on both sides. It measures approximately 8-½ inches high and 3-¾ inches wide at its swell. Three collar pins are present. It is made of copper, has a very attractive appearance, and has never been cleaned. A flash of this same design is depicted on page 288, #329, of The Powder Flash Book by Ray Riling, Bonanza Books, 1953. This piece is identified in John Geiselman's collection by a contemporary tag and is accompanied by a small rectangular (3 inch by ¾ inches) paper tag with John's hand written provenance stating "POWDER FLASH FROM / (COLES) RIDER (CAVALRY) / CAPTON HORNER". This item would make an interesting Gettysburg collection display piece.

Cole's Cavalry is the Maryland's First Potomac Home Brigade (PHB). Named after its commanding officer, Col. Henry A. Cole, three companies were organized in Frederick City, MD and one at Cumberland, MD for three years. Few regiments of Union Cavalry can claim as many engagements as Cole's Cavalry; in whole or part, it participated in eighty battles or skirmishes including Winchester, Kernstown, Antietam, Gettysburg, Hagerstown, Berryville, Shenandoah Valley, and Harper's Ferry. According to Historical Data Systems, John Horner enlisted on August 27, 1861 as a Captain and was commissioned into "C" Co., MD 1st PHB Cavalry on November 27, 1861. He resigned on June 10, 1862.

This item is a uniquely modified leather saddle skirt. It was recovered in relic condition at an unknown location in Gettysburg. The leather is mostly pliable with a few areas of wear. It measures approximately 26 to 27 inches long, 8-¼ inches wide, and is shaped as a slight "V". There are three holes purposely made in the leather: two are teardrop-shaped 3 inches by 2 inches while the last is a strap slot 2-½ inches by 3/8 inches. One of the teardrop-shaped holes has some reinforcing scrap leather sewn in. Otherwise, there is one very small (1/8-inch) hole in the center rear. There is a cartridge box plate attached to one flap: it has a slight bend on the lower left, has a nice green patina, and has some old leather residue on the reverse most likely from the original cartridge box. The other flap has twelve round (7/8-inch) plain brass buttons firmly attached with split rivets. There is also a 5-½ inch by 3-½ inch brass plate attached with three rivets (one is missing) neatly punched with the words "FRED. SCHLIPPER" and a neatly done ornate flake. This brass plate has a nice green patina. This piece deserves additional research: we could not find a Civil War soldier or Gettysburg resident listing for Fred Schlipper. This item is identified in John Geiselman's collection by a contemporary inscribed label.

This Federal regulation cavalry bridle bit, a.k.a. a curb bit, was recovered from the Reynold's Woods area on the battlefield of Gettysburg sometime after the battle. The curb bit, constructed of forged iron, is missing both brass US bosses on the side branches (cheek pieces) but it does retain the lower or support bar, sometimes called the 'slobber bar'. Bit also retains both iron rein rings integrated at each end of the lower support bar but does suffer from a slight bend or compression at the forward extension of the cheek piece. This example of horse equipment also exhibits a number 4 port bar or arch in the center of the mouth piece bar. Because of the high port, the # 4 was the most controlling of bits that the army used on unruly animals. Unfortunately, it was also the most ruinous and destructive of horses. Entire bit, which measures 9" long by 5" wide, is strong and tight and exhibits an iron surface of light rust. Overall, it displays a pleasing mellow brown patina with just some mottled coloring on the port bar. No maker's marks or stampings are visible on the bit save a small numeral '2' on one of the headstall billets. Bit does retain remnants of the original curb chain at the end of each headstall billet slot. This Federal Model 1863 cavalry bit, recovered from Reynold's Woods at Gettysburg, is identified in John Geiselman's collection by his contemporary inscribed labels.

This artifact of Civil War horse equipment is a length of a brass curb bit chain as recovered from an undisclosed location on the Gettysburg battlefield sometime after the battle. The brass article measures 9½" long and is still in strong condition. All brass wears a rich, dark patina with just a light film of surface dirt. Never cleaned. This brass curb chain is identified in John Geiselman's collection by his contemporary inscribed labels.

This Gettysburg battlefield relic, picked up at the William Croner Homestead sometime after the battle, is a small, iron harness buckle complete with the clasp. The buckle and clasp are encrusted with a moderate coating of rust and have welded together. Buckle measures 1¾" x 1¼" and wears a mottled, brown patina. This artifact, found on the William Croner homestead in Gettysburg, is identified in John Geiselman's collection by museum listing.

This Gettysburg battlefield relic, a one-piece device picked up at the Spangler farm soon after the battle, is a small section of a knapsack leather harness strap complete with the brass roller buckle / clasp together with the corresponding brass triangular hook. The leather strap portion measures 1½" x 1½" and has both brass type clasps secured within by heavy stitching which is still strong and tight. An intact and strong leather adjuster loop is also part of the harness strap. Brass roller buckle and clasp is in good but rusted condition and wears a dark chocolate patina, as does the triangular hook so prevalent on Federal knapsacks. All harness leather exhibits a pleasing, dark brown coloring. An old paper label with the number '86' is affixed to the leather. This artifact, found on the Spangler Farm, is identified in John Geiselman's collection by museum listing.

Here is a single brass hook as used with a Federal-issued leather knapsack. Found by resident Ralph Grove at the Durabow Farm on the battlefield of Gettysburg, the brass device measures 1¼" long and has a hooked tail. These hooks were made to hold and secure the leather shoulder straps taut when the pack was worn by the soldier. The hook has never been cleaned and exhibits a dark bronze patina. This brass knapsack is identified in John Geiselman's collection by his museum listing.

This single, brass hook as used with a Federal-issued leather knapsack. Once part of the Morris Sharett Collection, this artifact was found at an undisclosed location on the battlefield of Gettysburg. The single strand of 1/16" thick tubular brass resembles a "T" and is looped at the top end and exhibits a vertical hooked tail. Device measures 1½" x 1 ¼". The hook was made to hold and secure the leather shoulder straps taut when the knapsack was worn by the soldier. Hook has never been cleaned and it exhibits a dark bronze patina. This brass knapsack hook still retains an old paper label with the numeral "83" affixed to it and is identified in John Geiselman's collection by his museum listing.

This item is a Confederate knapsack hook. It was found at an unknown location in Gettysburg. From its size, it is determined to be Confederate: the heads measure 5/8 inches across and it is 5/8 inches long. Lightly pitted, it is made of brass and would have been used with a strap on a knapsack. It has a nice green patina and has not been cleaned. This piece was identified in John Geiselman's collection by a contemporary tag. It would make an inexpensive display item for a Gettysburg collection.

This commonly excavated artifact is the 4" long, bowl portion of a brass spoon from a folding, portable eating utensil. Spoon was recovered on the Gettysburg battlefield sometime after the great Battle of Gettysburg. Brass bowl specimen is still strong and measures 2¾" and has no dents or dings. Piece has a light bronze patina with a film of surface dirt overall. This artifact, recovered at Gettysburg, is identified in John Geiselman's collection by his contemporary inscribed labels.

This iron artifact is a section of an eating knife utensil that was recovered from an undisclosed location on the Gettysburg battlefield. The narrow device measures 4½" overall with a 3" portion of the knife blade and 1½" section of the handle showing. The relic is heavily rusted and exhibits a pockmarked surface along with the body bent in two areas. A nice, common article used by soldiers and found on the Battle of Gettysburg. Item is identified in John Geiselman's collection by his contemporary inscribed labels.

This item is a very nice, original knife-spoon folding set. It was found in relic condition at an unknown location in Gettysburg. A World War I or a National Guard training unit most likely lost this set during the first few decades of the twentieth century. It is in great condition; it is made of a heavy gauge tin and has very little surface pitting. With a gray patina, it functions perfectly and could still be used today. This set with the spoon on one end and the fork pivots on a rivet and stop-pin at the set's center. It measures approximately 9-½ inches long when fully opened and 6 inches long when folded. The spoon measures 1-7/8 inches across and is concave as expected; there is some minor crud on the underside that could be removed. The fork end has four 1-¾ inch long tines, all intact and unbent. It has not been cleaned and there are no marks or digs. There are no discernable markings. This relic is identified in John Geiselman's collection by a contemporary tag, is a very attractive item from the Gettysburg Battlefield, and would make a nice display item.

This item is a large iron cooking pot. It was recovered in relic condition on the David Plank Farm behind Little Round Top in Gettysburg. Moderately pitted and made of iron ¼ inches thick, it measures approximately 19 inches across including the iron handle and 6 inches deep including the feet. The handle is 8 inches long and attaches firmly to the pot, which is 11 inches in diameter at the top and 3-¾ inches deep. The bottom of the pot measures 8-½ inches across and has a teardrop shaped hole from where one of the feet was broken off. The remaining two feet are a tapered 2 inches tall. This piece has not been cleaned and is identified in John Geiselman's collection by a contemporary inscribed label.

This item is an unusual piece of Gettysburg history. It is a simple cross made from wood (possibly maple) by John Good for the 50th Anniversary of the Battle of Gettysburg. John Good was a Gettysburg cabinetmaker who worked wooden projects for many of the local residents. He was a prominent assembler of wooden relic displays and owned a small shop on Race Horse Alley off Chambersburg Street. This piece measures 3 inches by 2. This piece was identified in John Geiselman's collection by a contemporary tag.