Rifled artillery projectile, James design, Federal manufacture, bursting shell, "common" (standard), open base with slots, lead and tin sleeve sabot, James percussion fuze, rifled heavy 12 pounder gun 4.62in. Projectile was manufactured in the Federal arsenals following the invention of Charles James. The pattern utilized a hollow caged cavity (called a "birdcage") covered by a thin sleeve of lead, tin, and canvass, the thin sabot would expand into the rifling, and then be discharged after the projectile left the bore. This meant that there would always be flying metal debris from the sabot, which could be a problem for forward troops. Four small holes were drilled into the base, these are thought to have been vent holes, however they are often lead filled. Shell is common shot (does not contain balls) and with percussion fuze was designed to be used against opposing cannon by striking the equipment. Fuze employed was the James brass anvil percussion fuze, "West Point" two part fuze, Jones pg. 30. This was an early development for a rifled heavy 12 pounder gun, efforts to develop this weapon system were abandoned early on. Projectile measures: diameter 4.53in., length 8.5in. (excluding fuze), weight 21.7lbs.  [JET]

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