White ribbon that meas. approx. 4.00 x 2.00 inches with “SOCIETY OF THE ROUNHEADS” at top in blue lettering. Lower portion is taken up with a 9^th Corps badge done in red ink surrounded by more lettering that reads “100^TH PA. VOL.” “FIRST DIVISION” “THIRD BRIGADE” “NINTH ARMY CORPS.”

Ribbon was made with frayed ends. Surface has some light dirt.

The 100th Pennsylvania Infantry was known as “The Round Head Regiment” because though Pennsylvania’s regiment quota was filled up, Dr. Daniel Leasure, who had already raised two companies, went to Washington to visit Secretary of War Cameron and asked if he could raise an independent regiment. Cameron asked Leasure if he could bring out a regiment as good as the two companies he had already raised. Leasure replied, “I have no other kind to bring”.  Gen. Winfield Scott who happened to be present replied, “We will call them Roundheads”.  This was in honor of Cameron’s Scotch-Irish ancestors who were loyal to Oliver Cromwell’s English Roundheads.  Also, many of the men from Lawrence and surrounding counties in Western Pennsylvania that became the 100th PA were of Scotch-Irish stock and were descendants of those loyal to Cromwell in the English Civil War.

The 100th Pennsylvania was assigned to the 9th Corps and served in over 96 battles and skirmishes to include 2nd Bull Run, South Mountain, Antietam, the Vicksburg Campaign and Grants Overland Campaign. During its service the regiment lost 18 officers and 391 enlisted men killed and died of disease.  [AD]

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