This is a very nice .31 caliber Volcanic “Number 1” cartridge.

This Volcanic cartridge has the post-December 1855 brass cap, cork wafer, and iron anvil. This version features multiple fine grooves.

This style of cartridge was an improvement over the earlier Hunt & Jennings design, which was patented on August 10, 1848, as Patent No. 5,701. On January 22, 1856, Horace Smith & Daniel Wesson were awarded Patent No. 14,147 for an improvement in primers. Unlike the Hunt & Jennings cartridge, the Volcanic cartridges used a steel disc under the cork wafer with the fulminate located in the middle. Later, a copper cap was added, with the last version using a brass cap.

These cartridges were packaged in a tin consisting of two layers of 100 separated by thin pasteboard sheet. These cartridges only come in two sizes. The No. 1 was .31 caliber, and the No. 2 was .41 caliber.

Reference: “Round Ball to Rimfire” Part Three, page 223, #1048.  [jet] [ph:L]

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