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INK ID IMAGE OF UNITED STATES & CONFEDERATE CONGRESSMAN & COLONEL OF THE 20TH SOUTH CAROLINA KILLED IN ACTION – LAURENCE M. KEITT

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CDV is an excellent view of Laurence M. Keitt in a dark civilian suit with white shirt and dark bowtie.

Contrast and clarity are exceptional. Paper and mount are very good. Bottom center of mount has a period ink ID that reads “COL. L. M. KEITT.”

Reverse has a photographer’s imprint for E. & H. T. ANTHONY… NEW YORK

Laurence Massillon Keitt was born October 4, 1824 at Puritan Farm, Calhoun County, South Carolina. He graduated from the University of South Carolina in 1843 where he studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1845.

A member of the Democratic Party, he served in the South Carolina House of Representatives from 1848 to 1853. From 1853 to 1856, he served in the U.S. House of Representative from South Carolina's 3rd District.

Keitt was censured by the House in 1856 for aiding Rep. Preston Brooks in his caning of Charles Sumner. Brooks had considered challenging Sumner to a duel after Sumner's anti-slavery speech titled “The Crime Against Kansas,” which Brooks interpreted as an insult to his cousin, Senator Andrew Butler. After consulting with Keitt and deciding that Sumner was no gentleman, and therefore not worthy of a duel, Brooks resolved to beat Sumner with a cane instead.

With Keitt and Virginia Representative Henry A. Edmundson on hand to assist, on May 22, 1856, Brooks entered the Senate chamber and began beating the defenseless Sumner with his gold-headed cane, while Edmundson and Keitt prevented others from stopping Brooks or aiding Sumner. Keitt drew a pistol from his belt and brandished his own cane, holding off the horror-struck senators who tried to assist Sumner, loudly announcing "Let them be!" In July, the House censured Keitt for his part in the attack. He resigned in order to create a vacancy that would be filled by special election, thus giving his constituents the opportunity to ratify or condemn his conduct. They supported Keitt's actions, overwhelmingly returning him to Congress in the August special election. He served until December 1860, when South Carolina seceded from the Union.

On February 5, 1858, Keitt started a massive brawl on the House floor during a tense late-night debate. Keitt, offended by Pennsylvania Congressman (and later Speaker of the House) Galusha A. Grow, a Republican, having stepped over to the Democratic side of the House chamber, dismissively demanded that Grow sit down, calling him a "black Republican puppy". Grow responded by telling Keitt that "No negro-driver shall crack his whip over me." Keitt became enraged and went for Grow's throat, shouting that he would "choke [him] for that". A large brawl involving approximately 50 representatives erupted on the House floor, ending only when a missed punch from Rep. Cadwallader Washburn of Wisconsin upended the hairpiece of Rep. William Barksdale of Mississippi. The embarrassed Barksdale accidentally replaced the wig backwards, causing both sides to erupt in spontaneous laughter.

Perhaps Keitt's most famous quotation best summarized his political views and dominant agenda. In 1860, Congressman Keitt said, "The anti-slavery party contends that slavery is wrong in itself, and the government is a consolidated national democracy. We of the South contend that slavery is right, and that this is a confederate republic of sovereign states."

After South Carolina's secession Keitt served as a delegate to the Provisional Confederate Congress from 1861 to 1862.

Keitt joined the Confederate Army and was commissioned colonel of the 20th South Carolina Volunteer Infantry on January 11, 1862. He and his regiment were sent to Morris Island, South Carolina but in May of 1864 they were assigned to Kershaw’s Brigade in the Army of Northern Virginia. Colonel Keitt commanded Kershaw's Brigade, succeeding to this position after Kershaw advanced to command of a division.

During the Battle of Cold Harbor on June 1, 1864, Keitt —in his first experience of combat in the field— was mounted and leading his brigade in a charge on Union General Philip Sheridan's dismounted cavalry near Beulah Church when he was shot in the liver or lung and mortally wounded. His forces collapsed into disarray.

Keitt died near Richmond, Virginia and is buried at West End Cemetery in St. Matthews, South Carolina. [AD] [ph:L]

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