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CIVIL WAR CARTRIDGE BOX TABS FROM FORT PEMBINA, ND

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Fort Pembina was established in 1870 and initially garrisoned by two companies of the 20^th US. It remained in service until 1895. As was typical of the early Indian War army, the troops were equipped with Civil War material that was only gradually replaced as old stocks ran out and new patterns were adopted and became available for issue. These two leather pieces are from the upper backs of Civil War cartridge boxes securing the horizontal retaining loops for the shoulder belt, which would pass down through them and buckle to the bottom of the box. One retains both loops and also the rivets that would have secure the upper ends of vertical loops for use on a waist belt. The other just shows the line of stitching for the horizontal loops.

These were recovered from the dump area of Fort Pembina, which has yielded a cloth and leather in remarkably good condition from the wet, anaerobic soil conditions, and was recovered on private property with the owner’s permission. The fort was established out of concern about Sioux raids from Canada and included enlistedmen’s barracks, officers’ quarters, guard house, ordnance storehouse, company kitchen, root house, laundress’s quarters, quarters for civilian employees, hospital and hospital servant’s house, a barn for the “hospital cow,” quartermaster and commissary offices and storehouse, stables, wagon shed, etc. The garrison reached peak strength in 1878 of 200, but the average was about 125 enlisted men and 8 officers. An October 1885 return listed 97 men, 2 field pieces, 1 mountain howitzer, 100 rifles, 19 pistols, 23 mules, and 9 wagons. By 1890 the post had just 23 men, and after an 1895 fire destroyed some 19 buildings it was decided to abandon the fort rather than rebuild, the last detachment left in September. The property was turned over to the Interior Department and later sold in 1902.    [sr] [ph:m]

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